第四百四十二章 摊丁入亩(1 / 2)

神京,皇宫。看书喇

雍太皇帝正在心中默念着贾芸跟前呈送上来的奏折,眉头则是逐渐地深深皱起,许久之后才呼出一口长气,望着贾芸说道:“你的奏折,朕看了,很喜欢。”

不过,雍太皇帝立刻就话锋一转,说道:“只是这太上皇当年因体恤民间疾苦,曾经下过一道旨意,永不加赋。”看书溂

贾芸闻言奏对道:“皇上,这富者田连阡陌,穷奢极欲,竟少丁差,贫民则无立锥之地,反多徭役。太上皇的本意是爱惜民生,不劳民力,可是落到地方上去则并非如此执行,反倒是百姓苦不堪言,富者官商勾结,从而逃脱王法的约束,越发腐败贪污,还望皇上明鉴啊!”

雍太皇帝闻言则是陷入许久的沉默当中。

他自然知道这丁银的编征自始至终就存在着严重的弊端。

太上皇初年,曾任直隶灵寿县知县的陆陇其就曾对此事请奏,曾分析说:

“查旧例,人丁五年一审,分为九则,上上则征银九钱,递减至下下则征银一钱,以家之贫富为丁银之多寡,新生者添入,死亡者开除,此成法也。”

“无如有司未必能留心稽查……且又相沿旧习,每遇编审,有司务博户口加增之名,不顾民之疾痛,必求溢于前额,故应删者不删,不应增者而增,甚则人已亡而不肯开除,子初生而责其登籍,沟中之瘠犹是册上之丁,黄口之儿已是追呼之檄,始而包赔,既而逃亡,势所必然。”

这种户丁编审中的虚报和浮夸之风在很多地区都存在。

而官员绅们则是利用优免特权隐漏人丁,奸猾之徒又托为客籍以为规避,而丁银项目仍然存在,结果便全部都落在贫苦农民的身上。

其中在实行人丁户口等编籍审制的地区,出现了利用户籍、人丁等进行放富差贫的现象。

如山东曹县,“豪强尽行花诡,得逃上则;下户穷民置数十亩之地,从实开报,反蒙升户”,结果“其间家无寸土,糊口不足,叫号吁天者,皆册中所载中等户则也”。

这样一来,一方面,官府衙门为追求溢额在编审时多行虚夸;

另一方面舍富就贫,丁银溢额增多的结果便是使中下层民众承担起更多的丁银来,饱受“代纳”和“包赔”之苦。

这样一种丁银编征,使得阶级矛盾更趋激化。

对于丁赋的征收来说,其结果是“在民有苦乐不均之叹,在官有征收不力之参,官民交累”。

一小部分的人,越来越富。

大多数人的人,越来越穷。

穷富极端分化,必定会激发民怨。

亦是封建朝廷周期性数百年毁灭又重生的根源症结所在。

只要百姓还能够混一口饭吃,不至于真的活不下去,他们便是最为安分守纪的本分人。

若是他们连自己都活不下去了,那么当年陈胜、吴广在大泽乡喊出来的那一句,“王侯将相,宁有种乎?”则必然就是所有封建王朝的催命符。

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