第四百三十章 土司(1 / 2)

执宰大明 小黑醉酒 0 字 2021-03-29

[全文字阅读三江阁] 由于‘交’趾事态紧急,故而李云天只在太平城待了一天,第二天一早就启程前往宣化城,为了安全起见太平卫指挥使派遣五百名士兵沿途护送。{}</p>

当天上午,几名骁武军的武官前去找贾云川,商讨买粮的事宜。</p>

就像贾云川先前所说的那样,无论是宣化府的难民还是平叛‘交’趾的大军都需要粮食,而从内陆调运粮食需要不少时间,劳时费力,因此九州商会在太平府囤积的粮食无疑成为了骁武军的首选。</p>

那几名武官原本以为贾云川会趁机狮子大开口,狠狠地敲骁武军一笔竹杠,可出乎他们的意料,贾云川竟然以比平常市价还要低的成本价将粮食卖给了骁武军。</p>

对于这种反常的情形,那几名武官一时间面面相觑,感到匪夷所思,直到与贾云川签订了买卖文书后才相信这件事情是真的。</p>

不过,几名武官并没有感到庆幸和欢喜,而是带人严格清查了粮仓里的粮食,当发现所有的粮食都完好无损后,这才松了一口气,以骁武军的名义宴请了贾云川,并将此事向上级汇报。</p>

单单这一项,骁武军就省下了近三十万两银子。</p>

值得一提的是,十万大军一年需要粮食的‘花’销要大于二十万百姓口粮的‘花’销:一是军队的军粮质量要高于百姓的口粮,二是军队的士兵都是男子,而百姓一家有老幼‘妇’孺,饭量不及士兵。</p>

因此,十万大军一年军粮的市价近五十万两银子,而二十万百姓一年口粮的市价不过二十多万两。</p>

由于太平府地处偏远,贾云川将这批粮食运到来的成本价大概就是二十多万两银子,如果按照现在太平府的粮价至少也能卖到五十万两。</p>

如此一来,骁武军等于节省了三十万两银子,对于‘交’趾的平叛大业来说九州商会此举无疑是雪中送炭。</p>

两天后,李云天一行抵达了太平府和宣化府的‘交’界处的一个山口,意外地发现山口处的通道上黑压压挤满了人,声音嘈杂,‘混’‘乱’不堪。</p>

原来,山口处设了一道关卡,一大群穿着当地少数民族服饰的土兵拎着刀枪守在关卡东面太平府地界的一方。</p>

尤为引人注意的是,在那些土兵身旁的一棵大树上晃晃悠悠地吊着十几名衣衫褴褛、蓬头垢面的男人,由于双目紧闭也不知道是死是活。</p>

大树底下是一群被绳子捆住、****着上半身的老幼‘妇’孺,在冷风中冻得瑟瑟发抖,几个小孩在那里吓得哇哇直哭。</p>

关卡西面的大路上聚满了身穿各‘色’服饰的百姓,看样子是从‘交’趾逃出准备到太平府躲避战‘乱’的难民,一个个拖儿带‘女’,或许是被那些吊在树上的人和土兵手中武器所震慑,不敢闯过关卡,在关卡前苦苦哀求那些土兵放他们过去。</p>

不过,那些土兵丝毫不为所动,拎着刀枪面无表情地瞪着那些难民。</p>

所谓土兵,指的是太平府当地土司衙‘门’所辖的士兵,土司衙‘门’所辖的百姓被称为土民。</p>

而说到土司衙‘门’,就不得不提及在大明西南地区和西北地区施行的土司制度。</p>

土司制度起源于元朝,通过分封当地少数民族首领世袭官职,来管理少数民族地区的一种特殊的官制。</p>

需要说明的是,土司的职位虽然可以世袭,但是袭官需要获得朝廷的批准。</p>

依照《明史?土司序》记载,土司的承袭“须奉朝命,虽在万里外,皆赴阙受职”,以此来加强明廷对土司的管理,使得土司臣服于朝廷。</p>

土司只有接受册封成为朝廷命官后,那么才正式取得了对土民统治的合法权。</p>

而且,每当改朝换代时,土司都要向新天子朝贡表以示投诚和归顺,以换取新天子的册封,获得新的印信。</p>

元朝的土司有宣慰使、宣抚使、安抚使三种武官职务。</p>

明朝沿袭了元朝的土司制度,并在土人中设立了文职和武职两种官职。</p>

其中,武职由高到低为宣慰使、宣抚使、招讨使、安抚使、长官使和蛮夷使等等,隶兵部武选清吏司,归各地都司管辖。</p>

文职从高到底为土知府、土知州和土知县等等,隶属吏部验封,各布政使司管辖。</p>

值得一提的是,只有宣慰使、宣抚使和安抚使等武职获得者能称之为土司。</p>

而土知府、土知州和土知县等文职获得者不是土司,只是朝廷任命的一种由土人担任的世袭官员。</p>

为了加强统治和控制,明朝还在重要的土司辖地内设置卫所,驻扎重兵,采用卫所和土司相结合的军事建制。</p>

明代的宣慰使司衙‘门’,也就俗称的土司衙‘门’,设宣慰使一人,从三品;宣慰同知一人,正四品;宣慰副使一人,从四品;宣慰佥事一人,正五品。</p>

宣抚使司衙‘门’也属于土司衙‘门’,设宣抚使一人,从四品,宣抚同知一人,正五品;宣抚副使一人,从五品;宣抚佥事一人,正六品。</p>

Tip:书名会因各种原因进行更名,使用“作者名”搜索更容易找到想看的小说。
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