有熊国,又称为“有熊古国”为黄帝时的城邦国家,于姬水(今河郑),是上古时居住在有熊地区(今河郑)的夏族(阪泉之战后称“华夏族”)居民立的城邦国家,后称有熊国。有熊开国始于少典,传至黄帝,继败蚩尤与炎帝,遂成为华夏祖1,史载黄帝元年(2697年),定都有熊(今河郑),后迁都涿鹿古城(今河涿鹿县);2697----2395年在。死后葬于涿鹿黄帝陵。在时初制冕服2。号“轩辕氏”。
战国以来的文献记载,是汉晋以来的关史,都记有河郑为有熊之墟有熊古国,而又与郑境内的有关传说和考古资印。祝融之墟又名有熊之墟。
黄帝轩辕氏败蚩尤炎帝神农氏之后,继承了伏羲部落的“龙”图腾以同时的仰韶文化,立了有熊国少典-轩辕家族轮执的黄帝王朝。
中文名有熊国名有熊古国定义是对“有熊城邦”的说法所处时中国上古时历史始于少典,黄帝继为有熊国君领导有熊氏(少典)、轩辕氏(黄帝)所属朝黄帝王朝都城郑、涿鹿、商丘、濮阳、沁阳奠人少典开朝君主黄帝轩辕氏末君主帝挚青阳氏(青阳二)存在年限2697----2168年存在年限参考三皇帝年所处文化层裴李岗-仰韶-龙山文化时关文化遗址裴李岗-仰韶-龙山文化遗址纪年黄帝轩辕氏元年----帝挚(青阳二)9年实质城邦国家图腾龙关墓葬少典墓、涿鹿、荆山黄帝陵、少昊陵、颛顼帝喾陵、帝挚陵(待发掘)关神话传说涿鹿之战、阪泉之战、嫘祖养蚕、仓颉字、颛顼战工地理置黄河域
目录
1传说
2传史
3遗址
传说编辑
有熊国,为黄帝时的城邦国家,于郑姬水。关于有熊国的来历有一个传说。在远古时,具茨山(今河郑市)姬水河一带,住着一个少典族部落,人称有熊氏。《汉书·地理》记载:河郡有大隗山,盖压禹、密、三县也。”魏时候,大地理学家郦元过实地踏勘,在他写的《水经注》里确切地说:“大隗具茨山也。”
部落首领名叫少典,无怀氏所生,善于射猎,经出入深山密林。有一,少典进山猎,坐在一棵大树下休息,不不觉睡着了,朦胧之中,他觉得有东轻轻推他的手臂,睁眼一,来是一大熊站在面。大熊见少典醒来,连忙跪在地上叩头,卧伏在少典的身边,轻声吼叫着,少典就骑上了熊的脊背。
大熊驮着少典,进入了一条阴森的大峡谷,到一头巨兽。这时,从峡谷里走出来一群熊,一齐趴在巨兽面。巨兽走进熊群,扑杀了两吃掉。少典目睹这一凄景,终于领悟了大熊他消灭巨兽的,急忙拉弓对准巨兽喉咙嗖地一箭,将巨兽射死。
少典成了熊的救恩人,可以役熊群。有一年,居住在箕山(今河禹州市)的狼部落扩,与少典部落发生了冲突,少典部落狼部落败,失了不少土地,损失惨。后来,少典带领着群熊赶走了狼部落人,夺土地,家园。少典部落就名为熊部落,又称有熊氏。后来,这个部落逐渐大,发成为有熊国,少典就成了有熊国的国君。
《史记·帝纪》记载:黄帝,少典之子,姓孙,名轩辕。,还有一种说法,少典娶有乔氏姐妹为妃,长曰女登,曰附宝。女登在华亭游玩,遇神龙来伴而孕,生炎帝,名榆冈。妃附宝,到郊游玩,忽遇暴雨,有大电缠身,绕斗而,感而孕,怀胎二十个月,生下黄帝,起名叫姬云。这样说来,少典是中华民族始祖黄帝和炎帝的同祖,而有熊国也是华夏民族的身。
传史编辑
史书记载
汉,焦延寿《焦氏易林》:“黄帝有熊国君少典之子。有熊,今河郑是也。”3
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