第946章 袁黄不是圣人(1 / 2)

万历1592 御炎 0 字 2021-09-24

让朝廷收不上税的人都是些什么人?

这个问题其实很值得商榷,但是要是现在询问袁黄的话,他一定会给出一个大而化之的概念。

“贪官污吏层层剥削!”

袁黄给出的算是一个政治正确的标准答案,这个时代大多数文人墨客都会这样回答,不管有没有贪污过国帑,不管有没有做过亏心事,他们都一定会这样说。

所以萧如薰就笑了,笑的颇有些嘲讽。

“袁公,现在你该知道我为什么什么事情都不告诉你还要瞒着你了吧?”

袁黄十分不解。

“什么意思?”

“让朝廷收不上税的不是贪官污吏,而是所有举人进士和皇亲国戚武勋,是咱们整个除了皇帝以外的官僚群体,换而言之,就是整个大明朝的根基!包括袁公在内啊!整个大明朝的官员群体们,全都烂了!”

袁黄愕然。

“根……基?包括我在内?”

“从太祖皇帝规定当朝官员包括秀才以上功名者可以享受一定限度的土地免赋税政策开始,今天所发生的一切的种子就已经埋下了,太祖皇帝想要把靠科举起家的文官官僚变为维护大明朝统治的根基,但是他却没料到正是这根基掐灭了大明朝的生机。

历朝历代都有这样的规矩,但是历朝历代这样的规矩都局限于当朝官吏,只有大明朝把这样的福利下放到了举人身上,宋时举人不过可免丁役,大明朝倒好,不仅是官员,就连举人都能免税。”

袁黄忙说道:“可是举人免税官员免税都是有一定额度的!”

“上有政策下有对策,袁公,自古以来中央朝廷做出的很多决策原本都是利民的,但是执行起来却每每失之偏颇,别的不说,王安石的青苗法,原本是想用低息贷款帮助农民度过荒年,不使农民在荒年为了一口粮食把土地卖给大户。

可是实施起来呢?却给变成了王安石最痛恨的高息贷款,利民变成了害民,这就是执行上的偏差,太祖是规定了额度,但是有多少人照着做?花点钱打通官府关系,直接就能把这些赋税给免掉,免不掉的就摊到老百姓身上,反正他们不交税。

他们占有绝大多数的耕地,占有绝大多数的粮食,不仅如此,还隐匿了大量的人口,让朝廷掌握不了那些耕地粮食和人口,让朝廷穷得叮当响,他们却富的流油。”

萧如薰的话让袁黄沉默。

“宋以前免税局限于当朝官员,人数不会太多,但是大明朝却史无前例的把这个资格下放到了举人身上,举人有多少?进士出身的官员有多少?人数增加了数倍!

这些年天灾人祸不断,可农户是靠天吃饭的,风调雨顺还好,一旦遭灾,他们没有抗灾的能力,一旦遭灾遇到了祸事,他们有什么路子可走?要么借大户家的钱和粮食度日,要么就直接把土地卖掉,借的还是高息贷款。

荒年结束,该还贷了,一贫如洗的农民拿什么还?只能拿自己的土地,这还是朝廷没遇到的大的战事,一旦发生大的战事,朝廷财政吃紧,就有心思不纯之人提出加税。

百姓负担本就沉重,一旦加税,地方官吏横征暴敛,他们根本承担不了,要么家破人亡,要么就举家投入当地举人士绅家中,把土地给他们,变成佃户,向他们交税,他们交的税从此就和朝廷没关系了,土地也和朝廷没关系了。

更关键的是,这些人从此也和朝廷没关系了,他们直接成为隐匿户口,根本不会计算入朝廷的户籍当中,他们还活着还在吃饭还在生存,但是人却没了,大明朝根本统计不到!

如此恶性循环,朝廷能收到的税越来越少,国库越来越空虚,能做的事情越来越少,打仗没钱,赈灾没钱,工程没钱,继续加赋税吧,越加越少,越加交税的人就越少,最终,国库空了,朝廷没钱了,怎么办?”

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