周伟犹豫了半天,最终说道:“陛下,臣身为二甲进士,虽然喜好研习天文,但天文之事与国计民生并无多大干系,臣愿为陛下处置有关国计民生之事,万不敢做其它有违孔子教诲之事。”
允熥略觉遗憾,但也在预料之中。所以并无生气的样子说道:“也好。”
“既然如此,周伟,你的字朕还记得,写的不错,文章也很有条例。”允熥派侍卫去楼下买笔墨,待笔墨买回来后说道:“你为朕拟旨。”
“奉天承运皇帝诏曰,从即日起,废除钦天监,”允熥的头一句话就让周伟的手一抖,差点儿写错字,但允熥并没有看着他而是盯着天花板所以不知道他停顿了一下,而是继续说道:“取格物致知之意,设立格致院,研究天文、地理、物性变化等诸多现象发生的缘故,研习数学,兼编制历法。”
“格致院设院正一名,正四品,院副一名,从四品,内另设主簿等官职。格致院不归属于任何一部,如同太医院、海务院等一般。”
“以中书舍人杨士奇为格致院院正,管辖院务,曹徵为院副,主持研究之事。原钦天监衙门诸官员,若有对天文地理等有所研习的,并入格致院。”
允熥所提出的,就是类似于现代的自然科学院的机构。
中华因为长期中央集权的缘故,对于不能做官也不能促进农业生产的学问十分鄙视。他不能改变集权的现状,所以为了在大明发展科学,他必须对喜欢研究科学的人进行支持,并且不能是暗地里的支持,必须是公开支持,让他们能够做官,才能吸引更多的人投身于科学事业。
当然,这可能会有人亡政息之逾,但他现在只能这样做。
至于为何不直接发明‘科学’这个词汇而叫做格致院,一来,科学这个翻译词实际上并没有完整体现science的本意,清末民初的许多翻译家都反对直接借用扶桑人的翻译,提出使用‘格致’或者‘格物’这样更贴切的词;二来,使用格致这个来自于中华传统文化中的词也容易被中华的士大夫所接受。
‘不仅要设立格致院来鼓励研究,更要翻译来自西方的书籍,选择其中领先大明的方面让曹徵等人进行研究,不仅要学会他们的格致,更要学会他们在研究中的思维方式。大食人有过一个百年翻译运动,将古希腊古罗马时代的书籍翻译成大食文,加上自己的独立创造,从而造就了数百年大食人科学领先世界的情形,中华也可以复制大食人的方法发展大明的科学,或者叫格致。’
‘而不论是大航海还是殖民掠夺,都不是扶菻人后来称霸世界的主要缘故。他们能够称霸世界最重要的缘故是科学得到了大发展,殖民掠夺来的财富不过是起到催化剂的作用。只要大明的格致能够一直领先于世界,大明也必然能够一直是世界上最强大的国家。’允熥想着。
想到最后,允熥抬起头来说道:“曹徵,将来格致院必然会成为大明一个非常重要的地方,你绝对不会后悔来到格致院的。”
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