九百七十八 陆游的震惊(2 / 2)

启明1158 御炎 1366 字 2022-09-24

“蝗灾可以这样控制吗?”

陆游有些意外道:“这我倒是从没有注意过……”

王祈点了点头。

“蝗虫喜欢把卵产在土地里,如此就算是冬日,除非极寒的大雪,否则都能熬过去,过去的农民缺少农具,冬日里不能翻土,一旦冬天不冷,就不能冻死深藏土中的虫卵。

而现在每到入冬之后,农会就会组织农民定期翻土,把很多害虫,如此一来,到了开春之时,害虫就大大减少了。”

陆游听后,沉默了一会儿,颇有感触。

“哦,这样啊,我还真是没有听说过这里头的道道。”

“治理民政门道很多,但是很多问题都是可以解决的,只要朝廷下定决心投入进取,就能够解决掉这些问题,哪怕面对水灾,旱灾,只要有足够的水利工程,一样可以扛过去。”

王祈笑着指了指东面:“这里往东就是一个水利工程修筑的工地,洪武三年开始修筑,预计到今年年末结束,工程很大,所以四个乡农会带领二十一个村农会,集合二十一个村庄的壮丁承担这个工程。

朝廷拨款,派下工程指导,而是一个村庄的壮丁借着农闲之时全力赶工,终于即将落成这个工程,这个工程成功之后,四个乡的耕地都会因此受益,土地灌溉会轻松很多。

而类似这样的水利工程,从洪武元年开始,到现在为止,大明一共在全国五百多个县修建了五百多个,都是朝廷拨款,乡农会和村农会负责统筹劳动力,大家齐心协力,一起完成。”

“那么多?”

陆游大惊:“这农会未免也太得力了吧?”

“农会,是大明之所以击败金国且立国的根本,皇帝陛下非常重视,就算是县府施政的时候,也需要农会多多帮衬,县府施政绝对绕不开农会,这等于遏制了县府胡作非为的可能。”

王祈颇有些自豪于明国的制度优势,笑道:“因为农会的存在,整个大明国的农民都被组织起来,动员起来,一鼓作气办大事,建工程,如此上下齐心,哪有办不成事情的道理呢?”

陆游瞪圆了眼睛,好一会儿都没有回过神来。

他从未想过明国的这套体制居然有如此功能,居然可以组织起整个明国的农民,让他们齐心协力建工程,这是何等强大的力量?

“办那么多事情,建那么多水利工程,还要四处征战,大兴土木……明国的财政没有问题吗?”

这成了陆游最大的疑惑。

而这也是王祈觉得最骄傲自豪的事情。

“尚且还可以维持,陆副使是不是觉得大明收税少,花钱多,很奇怪?并非如此,大明对单个农民收税确实不多,较之前朝非常少,但是总量却远超前朝。”

“这是怎么回事?”

陆游不解。

“因为大明消灭了地主士绅和贪官污吏。”

王祈收起笑容,正色道:“大明铲除了那些欺上瞒下横在朝廷和农民中间的食利者,将他们全部铲除,直接管理农民,管理赋税,则虽然对单个农民收取的赋税大大减少,可总量却大大增加了。

最开始,我也觉得不可思议,但是很快我就知道了,原来那么多那么多的赋税,都被地主士绅还有贪官污吏给吃掉了,他们横在中间,横征暴敛,远超朝廷,朝廷根本收不上来税。

农民的土地被他们夺走,成为他们的佃户,为他们生产粮食,官府管不到佃户,只能直接问地主收税,地主往往势力庞大,和官府关系不清不楚,这税也就不清不楚。

有些官员尽职一些,多少收一点,有些官员自己拿了好处,就把地主当做贫困户,隐瞒不上报,打个比方,一个地主有土地一万亩,但是因为和官府关系好,花钱贿赂了官员,于是官员隐瞒他的土地情况,把他当做贫苦户,只收一点点税。

如此一来,一万亩土地的农税就被地主士绅和贪官污吏联手吞吃了,朝廷根本得不到这部分税,而这只是一地的情况,若是放眼全国,又是何等惨状?朝廷还收的上税吗?只会越来越少。”

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