第十二章 还可以问候(2 / 2)

    郑知并未动怒,平静地说:“李兄如此信心十足,想来多年游学,另有所得。于此玄坛再开之际翩然赴会,必是有备而来。这几日老朽几个也说得够了,今日便由李兄登坛,一说经义如何?”

    李伯方点点头道:“固所愿也,不敢请尔!如此李某放肆了!”

    郑知微微一笑,行礼下坛,便由李伯方在坛上畅言经义,自己在坛下与众人一同细心倾听。

    李伯方毫不推辞,开言便讲自家经解。与卢鸿所言气学不同,李伯方解经,却以“性情论”为其根本。

    原来唐时佛教大兴,儒学大家,多对佛学颇为排斥。但每逢佛、儒论辩时,儒学往往难占上风。究其原因,一则佛家因果轮回报应之说,颇得凡夫俗子之心,儒学于神鬼之说,并无经典可据,解说纷纭,难得百姓支持;二则佛家理论结构颇为严密,尤其于性、情等论述,很是深入,提倡灭情空性,许多才华出众的学士,也往往为其迷惑。而当时儒学大家攻击佛教,也只能以佛教“费财”、“伦常”、“夷夏”等方面加以批判,从理论根本而言,不占优势。

    这李伯方游学四方,自然也少不得于各佛门中人辩论,于性情之说,感触极深。故在十年前玄坛讲经时,提出了“性情论”的说法,以性为天地万物之根本,天性即道;情为性之外在,表现多般,有善有恶。天性是为根本,人情却是外务。唯有扫去诸般外情杂念,才能去情见性,明了天道。

    李伯方此说,其实也是受佛教影响得来,颇有根基可寻,对于接受佛学思想洗礼的学人,更是容易接受。盖佛教视情爱人性,为苦难之源,必要去情去爱,方可解脱。故有谒言:“由爱故生忧,由爱故生怖;若离于爱者,无忧亦无怖。”

    “性情说”虽然不似佛教般尽灭人情,但于情中之负面影响,强调颇多,言道灭除外情,方是明心见性,上达天道的正途。

    十年前,李伯方在玄坛讲经时,初次提出“性情说”,实在是让郑族三老应付吃力。因儒家亚圣孟子,是力持“性善说”的。李伯方以性为善,以情多恶,阐述去情见性的道理,实在是很容易被人接受。

    只是此次却不同以往,卢鸿并郑族三老所持气学立论本自高超,又经数日诸多大家共同完善,“天人合一”的理论已经被在座多数人所接受。李伯方推崇天道,贬低人情的“性情说”相比之下,就显得狭隘多了。

    但李伯方这十年来行遍四方,所见既广,所历亦多,口才便给,竟也侃侃而谈,自有一番风度。只是待他**完毕,郑知上坛来,与李伯方细细咨询交锋时,李伯方便立呈不敌之态。

    盖李伯方的“性情说”,多由佛教中观点演化而来,初闻自易为人接受,只是总是旁门左道,不是堂堂正正的路子。而气学的“太虚即气,天人合一”以及“诚明”之道,全是出自《易》、《孟子》、《礼》等儒家经典,只是未曾有人将之系统厘清、构建分明罢了。如《孟子》中便道:“我善养吾浩然之气……其为气也,至大至刚,以直养而无害,则塞于天地之间。其为气也,配义与道……”等言,直可为气学一张眉目。开坛以来诸人闻得卢鸿及三老解说,早已深入人心,此时双方交战,立时便见高下。

    李伯方见形势不好,眉头一皱,便向坛边一位老仆施了个眼色。

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