第十二章调动士大夫锐意进取的方法(2 / 2)

朕即大宋 杨氏良家子 1050 字 2022-09-19

这一点明末地东林党人就是最典型地代表,是士大夫这个阶层永远无法抹掉地污点。

他们为了维护东南士大夫们的经商利益,不顾国家整体,不顾天下安危,坚决反对朝廷征收商税,以至于朝廷征不上赋税。

明军明明非常能打,以王朝末年之师,顶着内阁、文官的双层debuff,顶着触目惊心的腐败、空饷,却能打得后金开国之师苦不堪言。但结果却却因为粮饷不足,临阵放三枪就算对得起皇上了。最终神州陆沉。

说这些士大夫贪财好色,主动去经商,赵桓是非常相信地。

只是他关切的问道:“士大夫们会愿意将钱财借给朝廷吗?”

杨时说道:“朝廷信誉的维护是一个需要持之以恒,日积月累的事情。所以商鞅变法,要原木立信,以重振民间对朝廷的信任。我大宋垂两百年国祚,在民间信誉至少算的上佳。”

“而且子金商人,自古有之。汉景帝平七王之乱,周亚夫领军出征,便是向当朝勋贵、子金商人借贷了一批黄金。事后连本带息一并归还。”

“在我朝青苗法,便是最典型的官府借贷行为,民不加赋而国用足。其初心便是抑制民间高额借贷情形,只是贪官污吏强逼百姓借贷,又随意调整税率才使文公新政失败。”

“如今朝廷有三亿三千万贯两财政收入,以此为担保,足以让士大夫相信朝廷有偿还债务的资本。然后此次新政,朝廷严格管控借贷,不允许地方官员插手。由三司直辖,官家、皇城司、督察院共同监察,士大夫借贷资金直接归中央掌控,进入国家财政。足以使新政安稳。”

赵桓微微颔首,中枢大员们在推进一项制度时,总是希望这项制度能维持运转下去。他们跟地方小吏不同,地方小吏是完全不在意头顶的这项国策究竟有什么意义,想方设法的扭曲其本来形式,以满足自己的个人私欲。

中枢大员虽然也贪污,但他们贪污的还是权势与受贿,不会拿着国策来徇私,因为在这个高度,只要一改国策,就是被无数双眼睛盯着。

而且如杨时所言,由朝廷管控。各个监察部门也更容易监察,审计的部门和人员都相对固定。

只是宰相梅执礼眉头紧蹙,问道:“借钱容易,可是这么多钱意义何在?朝廷又该如何偿还?”

大殿内的众人同时恍然,这个国家正是殿内的公卿宰执们所掌控。

虽然能收到大量财富是一件好事,但对公卿们而言,最重要的永远是使这个国家能安稳的运行下去,天下安危远重于些许钱财。

当一件事拉长到数百年的时间跨度上去看,什么都可以延后,唯独国家的存续,是必须要保证的事情。

这一点,没用杨时解释,赵桓笑着说道:“偿还借贷的利息,让朕来说。当国家把大量财政投入基础建设,会使民间经济更加繁华,生产力进一步提升。整个国家财富的增长,必然会使财政收入迅速膨胀。这每年增长的财政收入,足以轻松偿还借贷的利息。”

不然后世各个国家也都不会热衷于发放国债,投资基建了。后世哪个国家不借贷?债务率高低甚至成为一个国家综合实力的一部分。

而且杨时的这份方案,等于是把那些腐败士大夫的财富收割到朝廷,统一规划,投资生产,等于是最快速的原始积累。

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